ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: gingival hypertrophy (GH) is the uncontrolled increase in gingival volume induced by different etiological factors, including orthodontic treatment. This pathology is characterized by changes in epithelial and connective tissue, including modifications in the extracellular matrix. The present study determined the presence and distribution of type III collagen in tissues of patients with GH wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: 12 samples of gingival tissue were obtained from patients undergoing periodontal surgery. They were divided into two groups, the first with healthy patients (control; n = 6) and the second with patients diagnosed with GH and orthodontic treatment (patients; n = 6). Each obtained sample was subjected to the hematoxylin-eosin stain, Masson-Goldner staining, and type III collagen immunohistochemistry. Results: the hematoxylin-eosin and Masson-Goldner histological stains showed hypertrophia of epithelial tissue and connective tissue with a marked collagen fiber increase in the gingival tissue of orthodontic wearers with GH compared to individuals in the control group. The gingival tissue of patients with GH caused by orthodontic treatment showed a distribution and location of type III collagen near the basal lamina, around the blood vessels, but unlike the control group, its location was noticeable throughout the connective tissue. Conclusion: the gingival tissues of orthodontic wearers with GH experience an increase in the number and density of collagen fibers. Type III collagen seems to lose its usual location in the gingival tissues of orthodontic wearers with GH.
RESUMEN Introducción: la hipertrofia gingival (HG) es el aumento descontrolado del volumen de la encía debido a diversos factores etiológicos, entre ellos el tratamiento ortodóntico. Esta patología se caracteriza por cambios del tejido epitelial y conectivo, incluyendo modificaciones en la matriz extracelular. El presente estudio determinó la presencia y distribución de colágeno tipo III en tejidos de pacientes con HG portadores de ortodoncia fija. Métodos: se obtuvieron 12 muestras de tejido gingival de pacientes sometidos a cirugías periodontales. Se dividieron en dos grupos, el primero, integrado por pacientes sanos (control; n=6), y el segundo por pacientes diagnosticados con HG con ortodoncia (pacientes; n=6). Cada muestra obtenida fue sometida a la coloración hematoxilina-eosina, Masson-Goldner e inmunohistoquímica del colágeno tipo III. Resultados: las tinciones histológicas hematoxilina-eosina y Masson-Goldner permitieron constatar hiperplasia del tejido epitelial y un tejido conectivo denso con notable aumento de las fibras de colágeno en el tejido gingival de los pacientes con HG portadores de ortodoncia en comparación con los individuos del grupo control. El tejido gingival de pacientes con HG por ortodoncia evidenció una distribución y localización del colágeno tipo III cerca de la lámina basal, alrededor de los vasos sanguíneos, pero a diferencia del grupo control, su localización fue notoria en toda la extensión del tejido conectivo. Conclusión: los tejidos gingivales de pacientes con HG portadores de ortodoncia experimentan aumento en número y densidad de las fibras de colágeno. El colágeno tipo III parece perder su localización habitual en los tejidos gingivales de pacientes con HG portadores de ortodoncia.
Subject(s)
Gingival Hypertrophy , Collagen Type IIIABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Interest in elucidating the etiology of hernias has encouraged countless studies of musculoaponeurotic structures in individuals with and without hernias. Studies of hernia patients have firmly demonstrated a correlation between hernias and collagen alterations in their fascia. Diastasis recti is an increased width of the abdominal midline that is exclusively composed of interlacing aponeurotic expansions of the anterolateral abdominal muscles. The condition is common among women undergoing abdominoplasty, and many factors, not only mechanical, play a role. The goal of this study is to evaluate and compare collagen type I and III levels in the midline fascia of women with and without diastasis recti to report their possible influence on this condition. METHODS: This is a case-control study nested within a surgical cohort of 18 women with diastasis recti and 18 women without the condition (cases and controls, respectively). Fascia from the midline of the abdominal wall was collected and analyzed through immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibodies to collagen type I and III. RESULTS: Both type I and type III collagen were less abundant in women with diastasis recti than in those without the condition, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Low collagen type I and type III levels in the midline of the abdominal wall may play a key role in the development of diastasis recti.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Prune Belly Syndrome/metabolism , Collagen Type I/analysis , Collagen Type III/analysis , Abdominal Wall/pathology , Prune Belly Syndrome/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Lipectomy , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction against renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods The rat models of renal interstitial fibrosis were induced by 5/6 nephrectomy, and were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, Liuwei Dihuang Decoction group and enalapril group. Liuwei Dihuang Decoction group was given 6.25 g/(kg?d) of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction for gavage, enalapril group was given 10 mg/(kg?d) enalapril for gavage, sham-operation group and model group were given 10 mL/(kg?d) of distilled water for gavage, 1 time per day for 12 weeks. Expressions of HIF-1α, CollI, and CollIII in kidney tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the sham-operation group, the expressions of HIF-1α, CollI, and CollIII of renal tissue in the model group significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, Liuwei Dihuang Decoction group and enalapril group can inhibit the expressions of HIF-1α, CollI, and CollIII (P<0.05), and Liuwei Dihuang Decoction group was better than enalapril group (P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction against renal interstitial fibrosis may improve the renal tissue of chronic hypoxia to play the role of preventing renal interstitial fibrosis by decreasing the expressions of HIF-1α, CollI, and CollIII.
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Objective: To investigate the role of JAK/STAT signal pathway in myocardial fibrosis (MF) of the chronic viral myocarditis (VMC) of mice and hypericin intervention study. Methods: Sixty healthy male Balb/c mice were used to establish the MF model by intermittent multiple ip injection of coxsackie B3, another 10 mice were used as normal control. Two months after the modeling, survival mice were randomly divided into four groups, model group, low- or high-dose hypericin group, and Captopril group. The mice were treated by Captopril or hypericin, respectively, ig administration, once a day. After 30 d, we took the myocardium of left ventricle to dye with Masson, to observe the cardiac histological changes. The serum type I collagen and type III collagen were detected by the means of ELISA, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 was observed with semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry technique. Results: The model group, serum type I and type III collagen increased significantly, the expression level of JAK1/STAT3 was higher than that of the normal group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). While the hypericin and Captopril treatment could significantly reduce serum expression of type I and, type III collagen, and decrease JAK1/STAT3 expression. Histology showed the improvement of myocardial fibrosis degree, and a significant difference was observed when comparing with the model group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the process of chronic viral myocarditis, the activation of JAK1/STAT3 pathway may be one of pathological mechanisms of the MF-induced with type I and type III collagen increasing. Hypericin could inhibit the myocardial fibrosis by blocking JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
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Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy is a relatively rare glomerular disease characterized by the accumulation of spiraled frayed collagen fibrils in mesangial and subendothelial areas. Clinically, patients with the disease usually present with moderate proteinuria and edema. They tend to have hypertension and their renal function deteriorates slowly. We report the case of a patient with collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy who also had Takayasus arteritis and presented with hypertension, proteinuria and dyspnea on exertion. Electron microscopy of the renal biopsy revealed massive accumulation of peculiar collagen fibers and immunohistology using monoclonal antibodies to collagen type III revealed positive stain in glomerular tufts.
Subject(s)
BiopsyABSTRACT
Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy is a relatively rare glomerular disease characterized by the accumulation of spiraled frayed collagen fibrils in mesangial and subendothelial areas. Clinically, patients with the disease usually present with moderate proteinuria and edema. They tend to have hypertension and their renal function deteriorates slowly. We report the case of a patient with collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy who also had Takayasus arteritis and presented with hypertension, proteinuria and dyspnea on exertion. Electron microscopy of the renal biopsy revealed massive accumulation of peculiar collagen fibers and immunohistology using monoclonal antibodies to collagen type III revealed positive stain in glomerular tufts.
Subject(s)
BiopsyABSTRACT
Allografts or autografts of bone-tendon unit has been used widely for ligament or tendon reconstruction of ligament injuries or ligament deficiencies after limb salvage operation to treat malignant bone tumors around joints. While the remodeling process of the ligament or tendon itself after allograft or autograft and the microscopic and biomechanical changes of tendon- bone graft interface have been widely investigated, little is known about the ultrastructural and biochemical changes of the transitional zone in tendon-bone junction. This study was performed to analyze the morphological changes by microscopic (part I), and ultrastructural, and biochemical remodeling of the transitional zone after tendon-bone auto- and allo-grafting (part II). Preliminary, a microscopic studies at bone to tendon insertion site was done as control (part I). And as an experimental work (part II), a total of twenty four rabbits were divided into two group. In 12 animals (allograft group), an Achilles tendon-bone unit was taken with tenotomy 3 cm proximal to calcaneal attachment and osteotomy 5mm distal to the attachment site. This unit was preserved below -70degrees C for 2 weeks and then it was transplanted to another rabbit. In the other 12 animals (autograft group), the Achilles tendon-bone unit was harvested with the same maneuver from one side and transplanted to the other side of the rabbit. After operation, their legs were immobilized with short leg cast for 4 weeks, and then mobilized freely. Four animals in each group were sacrificed at four, eight and sixteen-weeks after transplantation, and their grafted Achilles tendon-bone interfaces were used for analysis of the ultrastrucural and biochemical changes. The following results were obtained. Part I: We conducted an experiment (part I) to investigate the histologic chronologic changes of tendon to bone fixation using the Cole's method and the role of periosteum to the tenodesis. The periosteum around the tenodesis was excised in group I, but it was incised longitudinally and sutured to tendon in group II. As a result, the tendons in the marrow cavity of tibia were firmly fixed by fibrosseous metaplasia in group I at 8 weeks after experiment, but not formed the fibrocartilagenous layer in both groups as a transitional zone of internal stress transmission from tendon to bone in normal tendon, and the group II show the firm connection between sutured periosteum and transferred tendon by external calluses after 3 weeks. These mean the periosteum should be sutured over the inserted tendon to get the early rigid fixation by the induction of external callus around the edges of the tendon to bone insertion. Part II: Histologically in part II experiment, new cartilage cells were observed at postoperative 16 weeks with locally presence of faint tidemark in the autograft group but not in the allograft group. Complete histological remodeling of the transitional zone had not restored both groups.. Ultrastructural analysis revealed no definite differences, but showed time-related restoration of fibers and fibroblasts between both groups except the slightly rapid appearance of parallelism and cross-striation of microfibrils in the autograft group. From biochemical analysis, type I collagen was increased in its concentration, and an early rapid increase of type III collagen and glycosaminoglycan was also observed. In conclusion, these data suggested that type III collagen and glycosaminoglyan are important in stabilization of grafted tendon-bone unit, especially in the transitional zone. The histological and biochemical changes in allograft group were relatively similar to that of autograft group although the allograft group showed the delayed pattern of remodeling. And so the tendon-bone allograft could be used as a good but second substitute followed by autograft.